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Rare Civil War Berdan Sharpshooter Sharps New Model 1859 Breech-Loading Rifle

Currency:USD Category:Antiques / Firearms & Armory Start Price:4,250.00 USD Estimated At:8,500.00 - 13,000.00 USD
Rare Civil War Berdan Sharpshooter Sharps New Model 1859 Breech-Loading Rifle
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Rare Civil War Berdan Sharpshooter Sharps New Model 1859 Breech-Loading Rifle

Manufactured in 1862 with factory double set triggers, this rifle falls within the primary serial number range (54,390-57,547) for the 2,000 New Model 1859 Sharps Rifles manufactured expressly for issue to the 1st and 2nd U.S. Sharpshooter Regiments raised by Colonel Hiram Berdan ("Berdan's Sharpshooters"). Most of these rifles were factory fitted with double set triggers at Col. Berdan's request. The 1st and 2nd USS were recruited by Berdan from selected marksmen in Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New York, Pennsylvania, Vermont and Wisconsin. Recruits were required to place ten shots in a ten inch circle at 200 yards. The regiments were initially armed with Model 1855 Colt Revolving Rifles, which were replaced by the Sharps rifles in the spring of 1862. Utilized as primarily as light infantry or skirmishers, the 1st and 2nd USS regiments fought in nearly every major engagement of the Army of the Potomac from Yorktown in April 1862 through the siege of Petersburg in 1864. The 1st and 2nd USS played a prominent part in the Battle of Gettysburg. The two Berdan Sharpshooters regiments claimed to have inflected more casualties on the Confederate Army than any other two regiments in the Army of the Potomac. Casualties quickly reduced the two Berdans regiments below the authorized strength of 2,000 men and excess Model 1859 Sharps Rifles were issued to the 42nd Pennsylvania Reserve Infantry Regiment ("Bucktails") and the 1st and 2nd Companies, Massachusetts Sharpshooters ("Andrews Sharpshooters"). Both of these units saw extensive service and had well deserved reputations as hard fighting units. Fewer than 60 Model 1859 Sharps Rifles have been identified by collectors as rifles from the 2,000 gun Berdan Sharpshooter contract. This rifle has all of the Berdan Model 1859 Sharps features that include double set triggers, socket bayonet lug and John Taylor sub-inspection and final inspection marks. The rifle has a block front sight that serves as a lug for a socket bayonet and a folding leaf rear sight with 900 yard center notch. The forearm has an iron tip and is secured by three spring fastened barrel bands. The receiver has the R.S. Lawrence patent pellet primer and factory double set triggers. The stock has a casehardened patch box and buttplate. The serial number "54582" is stamped on the upper receiver tang and on the underside of the barrel beneath the forearm. The serial number falls between identified Berdan Sharps rifles No. 54,580 and 54,610. The top of the barrel is roll-stamped "NEW MODEL 1859" between the rear sight and the receiver. The C. Sharps and R.S. Lawrence patent dates are stamped on the right side of the side plate and receiver, left side of the receiver and top of the rear sight base. A "T" (Ordnance Sub-Inspector John Taylor) sub-inspection mark is stamped on the left barrel flat. The oval script "JT" final inspection mark stamped on the 2,000 Sharps Rifles manufactured for the Berdans Sharpshooters is visible with close inspection on the left stock wrist. The rifle originally had a military blue barrel with color casehardened barrel bands, receiver, hammer, patch box and buttplate. The barrel has been polished bright which was typical of soldier carried Civil War weapons; most of the bright finish is visible underneath the forearm. Several pictures of Berdans Sharpshooters show Sharps rifles with polished barrels and receivers.

Manufucture: Sharps Rifle Manufacturing Company
Model: 1859
BBL: 30 inch
Stock: walnut
Guage: 52 percussion
Finish: blue/casehardened
Grips:
Serial Number: 54582

The rifle is in very good condition and exhibits the service wear that is typical of combat used weapons. Virtually all the identified Berdans Sharps Rifles show similar wear. The rifle has a replacement hammer screw; all of the other components are original to the rifle. The barrel was soldier polished in the field and the exposed portions have a dark untouched patina while protected areas remain bright. The barrel markings and "T" sub-inspection mark are clear. The casehardened receiver, hammer, lever, patch box and buttplate have a silver-gray patina with some scattered spots of surface discoloration. The patent markings and serial number are clear. The Lawrence pellet primer is complete. The stock and forearm show the same service wear as the barrel and receiver with numerous minor nicks and scratches. The Ordnance final inspection mark on the left stock wrist is visible but faint. This is a great example of a rare Sharps Rifle that almost certainly saw combat with the Berdans Sharpshooters, Pennsylvania Bucktails or Andrews Sharpshooters at Gettysburg and other hard fought Civil War battles. This veteran rifle would be a standout piece in any advanced Civil War or U.S. martial arms collection.